New York: Fitzray Dearborn, 2003. Having served multiple clients across Mumbai, we guarantee the best rates for all your Outdoor requirements. Your billboard ads will appear as an eight- to 10-second “blip” on a digital billboard that rotates ads. $100. Plus, nearly 14% of drivers in Atlanta spend 90 minutes or more in their commute to work. Effective Stone Mountain GA billboard advertising campaign. The next size billboard down from a bulletin is a poster. Williams is "stepping aside" in June after serving the city for 18 years, according to an announcement on Tuesday by City. By Billboard Staff. However, here is an approximate cost for your billboards in Ontario: Billboard Ads. The age of your target market and their gender can have a significant impact on how you approach your billboard ad campaign. Cape Coral Area Information: Cape Coral is located in Lee County, Florida. Every billboard advertisement in Every Market simple & convenient. 6. Billboard advertising in Mcdonough can be refined to reach target audiences with the flexible placement mobile billboards in Mcdonough provide. Plus, you can adjust your campaign budget at any time. Read More . Plan to spend from $750 to $1,500 a month for physical billboard campaigns in rural areas, $1,500 to $2,000 in small to midsize cities, and $14,000 and up in larger markets. Range of $600 — $6,230 per display per 4-week period for bus exterior and range of $45 — $95 per display per 4-week period for bus interior. Five Things Billboards Will Be Able to Do in the Future. Production costs can range anywhere from $250-$750. Cost. Shared with: Chloé Zhao · Peter Spears · Mollye Asher · Dan Janvey. Hot 100 The week’s most popular songs, ranked by audio and video streaming activity on leading digital music services,radio airplay audience impressions based on monitored airplay and sales data. by Rodolfo Queiroz November 13, 2019. Image via Ads of the World. 3 × 4. Thank you for visiting YESCO. Call 770-391-8528 to learn about billboard advertising costs in Sandy Springs GA area. For example, in the U. November 11, 2021 10:05:39 am. Who We Are What We Do; Billboards Gallery; Billboard FAQ's; Testimonials; Billboard News; Contact Us (770) 391-8528;. (678) 435-9373. Unhealthy was preceded by three singles: "Psycho", "Sad Bitch" and "Unhealthy". Inside 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri' – how Martin McDonagh and Frances McDormand turned a story of maternal revenge into a masterpiece. Get the details and a free assessment here. Standard bulletin sizes include: 14’ high by 48’ wide. Motion-activated displays, rotating posters, and interactive advertisements. The smallest size billboard, called a “poster,” measures about 12 feet by 24 feet. Browse our directory of Outdoor Billboard Advertising in and around McDonough. Closed. Free for commercial use High Quality ImagesBillboard advertising is a traditional advertising medium that exists in the real world. How To Effectively Use Outdoor and Billboard Advertising. It’s commonly used for a local product at a local market. via Leo Burnett. The billboard advertising artwork is often "rotated" by the outdoor advertising company amongst several locations to achieve the advertiser's desired CPM, reach, and frequency for their target audience. Menu Cost-effectiveness: Billboards have one of the lowest cost per thousand impressions with average CPMs of $2 to $7, making them much more efficient than other high impact forms of advertising such as television and print. (678) 554-6410. Fort Worth, Texas transit advertising is placed in or on modes of public transportation or in high foot traffic public areas targeting commuters. 5 to 10-second ad display on a rotating. Billboard advertising in San Jose provides a fantastic opportunity to reach and engage your target audience. Coca-Cola: The Sign. The global billboard & outdoor advertising market is expected to grow from $60. McDonough GA 30253. $2. 223,000+ Vectors, Stock Photos & PSD files. 1-100 of 476 images. Let's get started today! Check Billboard Connection in McDonough, GA, 590 Huiet Dr. The Creepy Faces of Barneys New York. While many people think that billboards are an old and outdated form of advertising when. 6. E. Cost. And I try to fall for her touch. Search for outdoor billboards for rent in Georgia. Simply enter your daily budget, and Blip will ensure your campaign stays within that budget. These 40 examples are just the tip of the iceberg. Photos. Mixed Peak/Off-peak Times $50 Daily Budget. Every Billboard in Every Market making it simple and convenient for you. 90 for only a month. Tyler also named Kim McDonough account executive for Tyler Outdoor Advertising. ADS. Welcome to Two Billboard! — At our outdoor advertising agency, we offer various types of billboard options and other popular outdoor advertising formats toFind, compare and buy billboard ads in McDonough, Georgia online! Before viewing available billboards and rates in McDonough, take a second to learn about the. Let us help you build an effective billboard advertising campaign. Digital Billboards – $2000 to $9000 per month. Rental costs for digital ad-based billboards are also more expensive than classic vinyl billboards. Images 96. Since these outdoor electronic displays are typically placed higher up from the ground. 22 626. Available and Types of Billboard Products. Blip's pay-per-blip advertising model means you only pay for the advertising you receive, so you can adjust your campaign budget at any time. Actress: Schmigadoon!. 2 meters) wide and 6 and 20 feet (1. These are just a few of the. Atlanta Billboard Connection Best Selling Outdoor Advertising and Out of Home Advertising. 3 meters) with a surface area of 672 square feet (62. 97,000+ Vectors, Stock Photos & PSD files. Menu Before viewing available billboards and rates in McDonough, take a second to learn about the advertising audiences you can reach in the area. Additionally, you can adjust your campaign budget at any time. Read helpful reviews from our customers. Reorienting billboards in an indoor space relates to an important theme within Gonzalez-Torres’s practice of creating complexity around the perceived boundaries between public versus private space. Digital billboard advertising is a great way to promote your brand and culture to prospective employees and importantly help you attract the best and brightest people. You can make a sizeable amount of money leasing out billboard ad space, but how much you can charge will vary quite a bit based on where your billboard location is: 1. Strategic business and product promotion in Mcdonough has never seen more versatily than now. Advertising Age Encyclopedia of Advertising. The growth is mainly. The success of cigarette advertising is a potent example of advertising’s enormous power and economic value. E&J Billboards is the cheapest way to get your billboard up High traffic digital billboards in Mcdonough. Unhealthy is the third studio album by English singer-songwriter Anne-Marie. " The ads both. United States only. Get information, directions, products, services, phone numbers, and reviews on Billboard Connection in Mcdonough, undefined Discover more Advertising Agencies companies in Mcdonough on Manta. ) in March 2011, Kahn and fellow supervisor Alex Tzenkov have helped brands like Cadillac, Target, Sonos, Diet Pepsi. From Kid Rock shooting cases of Bud Light, to Zach Bryan condemning insults against transgender people, here's how artists are reacting to the company working with influencer Dylan Mulvaney. Now, let’s do the math: [100,000/1,000] x $5 = $500. We start by locating. 198 per piece. . Blip's pay-per-blip advertising model allows you to advertise on digital billboards throughout California on any budget. He is currently Executive Producer at MAS - Music and Strategy and has previously lead the music departments of advertising agencies TBWA\Media Arts Lab, Leo Burnett and DDB Chicago. Skip to content. Sean Levert, son of lead O’Jays singer Eddie Levert and a member of a hit-making trio with his late brother Gerald Levert, has died after a medical emergency in. With complete campaign control and real-time reporting, your billboards in Atlanta, GA will be seen by more people than ever before. Every marketer, from our first-time clients to repeat customers, always has something to ask. It can represent any advertising firm brand seamlessly. Mcdonough Billboards. Inspirationfeed is a digital magazine covering everything from quotes, net worth, self-development, entrepreneurship, entertainment, technology, and creativity. A traditional billboard is a large outdoor advertising structure, typically found in high-traffic areas, such as alongside busy roads. Targets a large and diverse market. 1545 Patrick Road Roanoke, VA 24012 Phone: 540-345-0494 Fax: 540-343-6570 Toll Free: 1-800-788-3009If you’ve been thinking about advertising on a billboard, you’ve probably been thinking about using a bulletin. When it comes to successful billboard advertising, location is key. Share your ideas with a Lamar rep, and they will guide you through every. 71% of the consumers remember the billboards they interact with daily. Ed. When the nominations for the 65th annual Grammy Awards are announced Nov. For example, if a billboard campaign costs $5,000 and generates 300,000 impressions, the CPM would be calculated as follows:09. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for the best Advertising Agencies in Mountain Brook Village, Mcdonough, GA. 5) Choose readable fonts. The Arizona Cardinals and owner Michael Bidwill deny they are liable to front office executive Terry McDonough for any claims he made against the team in a demand for arbitration, and say his. Traditional. Every Transit advertisement in Every Market simple & convenient. Call 770-391-8528 to advertise on digital billboards in McDonough GA. Billboard advertising is the only marketing media where the advertiser has full control of the ad space. Bus Ads. The cost per blip varies depending on when and where you choose to advertise, as well as advertiser demand. S. The 441 companies account for 377,096 total faces. NOTICE: Lamar collects some personal information from internet traffic to and interaction with our website and web tools for internal lead development purposes, direct customer communication, and reliability assessment. But the moral complication portended by that. Your budget determines the number of times your “blip” appears and which times of day (peak, non-peak, or a mix), making it one of the most affordable billboard advertising options. She's known for playing a dual role as the eponymous characters in the. 40k Collections 37. Clear Channel San Diego's inventory reaches 99% of the adult (18 years+) population in the San Diego DMA weekly. No work in Advertising. The real story of a too-good-to-be-true Adidas billboard memorializing Lionel Messi’s World Cup triumph. Quality signs attract new customers, brand your. Tel: (770) 472-7500, 7704727500Here’s the breakdown of average price by size for the billboard in the Minneapolis metro area, according to a source from BillboardsIn: Digital Billboards: $2,500-$8,000 per month. McDonough has experience with m3 Technology Solutions in Norman, Pre-Paid Legal Services and Riverwind Casino. Its music charts include the Hot 100, the 200, and the Global 200, tracking the most popular. You can adjust your budget at any time, making it easy to find a comfortable advertising spend. He attended Samford University but transferred to University of Alabama at Birmingham; he graduated with a BS in political science and sociology in 1991. It’s always the same view of vehicles tailing from bumper to bumper, not to. . Visit Blip Billboards. Anything bigger could cost you anywhere from $900-$5,000. In 1995 he received his law degree from Birmingham School of Law and after working in. Reagan Advertising considers whether the Austin city code’s distinction between on-premise signs, which may be digitized, and off-premise signs, which may not, is a. The bigger the city, the higher the price a billboard company will charge. Tel:08140806869, 07014039333 Email:support@alternativeadvert. 24% of billboard viewers say they were encouraged to go to a particular store that day. McDonough GA 30253. Kid. com Gabe McDonough is a music and branding professional and musician. 5. The average billboard cost in the U. 3. (289) 597-5113. EDDM Retail ® USPS Marketing Flats currently $0. Billboard stock photos are available in a variety of sizes and formats to fit your needs. Denver, Colorado transit advertising is placed in or on modes of public transportation or in high foot traffic public areas targeting commuters. FromWith Blip, you can advertise on digital billboards throughout Georgia on any budget. You can adjust your daily budget at any time, an option that makes it incredibly easy to optimize your spending. 155 (Exit 216), big rig crash cleanup has right lane blocked. With a population of approximately 200,362 people, there’s a great opportunity for businesses small and large to leverage out-of-home advertising in finding new customers, building. An advertising firm in Baraboo, WI, will charge for a four-week billboard just around $250, while the same billboard advertising might cost $15,000 or even more in New York City. Call 770-391-8528 to learn about billboard. highway billboard. (770) 692-7954. When do you want to start advertising? How long would you like your ads to run? please select 1 - 3 months 3 - 6 months 6 - 9 months 9 - 12 months 12 months or more Budget please select Less than $1,000 $1,000-$2,000 $2,000-$3,000 $3,000-$5,000 $5,000-$10,000 $10,000+ unsure +1-609-521-8942 • hello@twobillboard. These are available 24/7 throughout the day. ADS. The costs for billboard advertising can vary greatly depending on the market, the media, and the locations involved. Search outdoor advertising inventory, view rates and market coverage from Lamar Advertising Company. McDonough, GA Midtown Atlanta, GA. (905) 430-1089. The monthly rent for the billboard is ₱200,000, payable at the start of each month. SA Billboard Advertising Rates. These billboards are placed in the areas where they’re most likely to. Let us help you build an effective billboard advertising campaign. Advertising Age Encyclopedia of Advertising. 72% of billboard viewers frequently or sometimes shop when going home. Chipotle. Organizations use the following most common forms of outdoor advertising which include: billboard advertising, displays in point of sales, advertisements used on street furniture, mobile advertisement and guerrilla advertising. London billboard advertising is a great and efficient approach because it provides an effective way to reach large numbers of people in the city at once. largest billboard available in a campaign is known as the "bulletin," but billboard sizes can vary greatly depending on location. Browse our premium outdoor advertising inventory and the largest online digital billboard network from leading out of home and billboard companies, for real-time pricing, package rates, static and digital billboards, and product availability. Norris, James. The Southeast Regional Fugitive Task Force tracks fugitives, escapees, and other dangerous felons in the metropolitan Atlanta area. 2017 Nominee British Independent Film Award. The Early Advertising of the West collection consists of over 450 print advertisements published in local magazines, city directories, and theater pamphlets from 1867 to 1918. Prices are higher for digital billboards. $17. You can advertise on digital billboards with any budget, and set a daily budget for your campaign. Each blip is a 7. The Media Ant is the top Outdoor advertising agency in Mumbai. 17+ Examples of Billboard Designs & Examples – PSD, AI. New York City is a transit-oriented city and its outdoor advertising landscape reflects that. In 2017, a study came out that revealed that people around Atlanta spend an average of 70 hours in traffic jams. Free for commercial use High Quality Images. Digital billboards are more expensive, costing between $1,200 and $15,000 per month. This way to recycle your bottle (Image credit: Publicis) This billboard advertising campaign from Publicis Italia encouraged Coca-Cola drinkers to recycle their empty bottles. 30, 2020 A billboard for the legal services of Craig Swapp and Associates is seen in Spokane in this undated photo. SMB Advertising; Design Help; Billboards in Georgia Georgia was the last of the original thirteen colonies and is now the 9th most populous state in the United States. (866) 818-8242. Being used by over 40,000 drivers worldwide, it has secure some huge clients, from different fields such as banking, telecom and film. Street Furniture Advertising. 19, 2022, through Oct. Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Billboard stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. Let us help you build an effective billboard advertising campaign. As outdoor displays, digital billboards must be energy-efficient and immune to external stress factors such as harsh weather, extreme heat and vandalism. For that, you get 500 to 900 shelters, depending on the market where you buy. Each "blip" is a 7. Blip's pay-per-blip system allows you to advertise on digital billboards on any budget. Designing an impactful digital billboard ad can be challenging, especially for start-ups or. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Instagram. Customers might be exposed to a brand or service just once or twice through other forms of advertising, but billboards lead to repeat exposure as people. Baltimore is dominated by the four top billboard advertising companies - Clear Channel Outdoor, Lamar Advertising, Eastern Outdoor, and Premier Outdoor. Let us help you build an effective billboard advertising campaign. If you want multiple Billboards, then you will likely be reaching out to multiple Media Owners. ADS. BillboardsIn helps businesses of all sizes get billboards in Atlanta. 2021 Winner British Independent Film Award. Loading form. After Argentina won the World Cup, a grainy six-second, unbranded video of an incredible. Billboard Mockup Images. According to the US Census, the average commute time for New Yorkers aged 16+ was 37 minutes – with many commuters taking one of the city’s 36 subway lines. Expired Billboard Listings in Georgia. Henry County, Georgia. ( 7 reviews) Nashville SEO Services | Top-Rated SEO Company in Nashville, TN, USA. If you rent a billboard in Mcdonough. (A Poster billboard is also known as a 30 Sheet Poster billboard; and a Junior Poster billboard is also known as an 8. The topography of the land, obstructions like trees and power-lines, and nearby buildings all play a role in the length of time that a. Wait a couple of days, then login to your Google Analytics to see how your campaign is performing. FromCall 770-391-8528 to advertise on Canton GA billboards in Canton GA Effective Canton GA billboard advertising campaign. Menu Ready to see all the billboard ad options in the 13801 ZIP code of McDonough, New York and launch a billboard campaign online? If you are considering local advertising in McDonough’s 13801 ZIP code, it can help to understand the demographics of the area. Billboard design requires a significant time investment to ensure effectiveness. These billboard prices can fall anywhere between $2,000 to $12,000. Find images of Billboard Royalty-free. 34. 3 vols. Lamar Advertising produces custom 3D objects at its printing facility in Baton Rouge. Mobile Ads. City of Austin v. Extend your creative into the next dimension with custom 3D extensions. A glimpse of us. Because of the bright, eye-catching visuals, digital billboardsThe 48 Sheet format is very popular throughout McDonough, Georgia. Denver, CO is the 1st most populous city. 28 at 8 p. WORCESTER — Worcester's Cultural Development Officer Erin I. comThu. Their inventory reaches 90% of the adult (18 years+) population in the Las Vegas DMA weekly. Billboards located near high-traffic areas with good visibility are more effective than. 15, Adele, Beyoncé, Silk Sonic and Harry Styles could each wind up competing for album, record and song of the. Pixpine Mockups. They’re most effective in high-traffic areas, like the side of a highway, to make sure they’re seen by a large number of drivers. 08/1/2022. You can adjust your campaign budget at any time, so you're always in control. If your billboard is on the side of a highway on which people will be (literally) speeding, then a design without a story simply won’t be memorable. Mobile billboards. Billboards in San Jose generally cost around $12,869. 3) Make the information on the billboard visible. Design online or call us today at 800-920-9527 for a custom billboard quote. The OAAA (Outdoor. So much, in fact, that the other day while passing through a city in Georgia, he couldn’t resist pulling over when he saw the familiar scene. But sorry, Romney. Call 770-391-8528 now to advertise on Atlanta billboards in Atlanta GA area. Page 1 of 200. A fee paid fo the Advertising Practitioners Council of Nigeria (APCON) The cost of a single billboard can vary wildly from ₦160k (~$450) to ₦2. Production and design costs are other elements that form part of the total cost of billboard advertising. Our LED digital billboards bring brand awareness and generate sales leads. source:chipotle. 3%. Billboard advertising in Metro Atlanta is an excellent way to build your organizations brand awareness. They also have transit advertising and commuter rail advertising. from nyranked. Every week we publish insightful articles to. Sean Levert, son of lead O’Jays singer Eddie Levert and a member of a hit-making trio with his late brother Gerald Levert, has died after a medical emergency in. 68% of billboard viewers frequently or sometimes make shopping decisions in the car. It is bordered by Florida, Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina and Tennessee. , contact info. Advertising Agencies Marketing Programs & Services Marketing Consultants. Read about, contact, get directions and find other Advertising Agencies & Counselors. , 4 sec, 350. We have access to Every Billboard in Every Market making it simple and convenient for you. The billboard advertising market in Baltimore is highly competitive, with several major players vying for attention from local and national brands. is $850 for a four-week campaign, and varies based on ad format, circulation, demographics, and impressions. 770-391-8528. 7. Filters. Online advertising advertising in Nigeria and leading digital marketing company in Lagos. Poster billboards are primarily positioned along primary and secondary arterial roadways, and they’re ideal for targeting local audiences. Best Actress. Billboard advertising formats are designed to speak to motorists, passengers, and pedestrians. " Glimpse of Us " is a song by Japanese singer Joji, released as the lead single from his third studio album Smithereens on 10 June 2022 through 88rising and Warner Records. Medium Billboards or Posters – $600 to $3500 per month. When it comes to how long a billboard should be up, there is no specific rule. 24% say they were motivated to visit a particular store that day because of an outdoor ad message. Call 770-391-8528 to advertise on Mall. If you come across any, we’d love to hear about them. +1-609-521-8942 • hello@twobillboard. Nomadland. Visibility. 6. Washington DC-Baltimore Area. Search outdoor advertising inventory, view rates and market coverage from Lamar Advertising Company. Bee” promotion by Netflix. Netflix in recent months has purchased at least 18 billboard faces from Regency Outdoor Advertising, in a deal estimated to be worth tens of millions of dollars, according to ad industry insiders. Create free billboard flyers, posters, social media graphics and videos in minutes. Billboards In Cumming. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Instagram. And that’s where I find a glimpse of us. We offer OOH (Out of Home) advertising in Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg. Email: [email protected] Wallen is the leading nominee for the inaugural People’s Choice Country Awards, with 11 nods. With a population of approximately 300,576 people, there’s a great opportunity for businesses small and large to leverage out-of-home advertising in finding new customers, building. Free billboard images to use in your next project. 5. Advertising; Website Information; Phone: 770-957-9161. 1 cm (137 7/8 x 137 7/8 inches), courtesy: David Zwirner Composition. AdvertisingBillboards, Online, Print Ads and Campaigns, Radio, TV/CableBrand Image & IdentityAnalytics, Brand Strategy and Valuation, Design and Developmen. “I always stop. comSummit Racing Equipment started from humble beginnings and grew into the world's largest mail order automotive performance equipment company. Blips/Day. It's really just as easy as that! Just remember that if you're hoping to own. ADS. This paper gives a look to the television medium as an advertising tool. He was a Governor of the Chicago Chapter of the Recording Academy from 2011 until 2016. The typical cost for a billboard varies widely depending on factors such as location, size, and duration. 2% male population. Try adding more details such as location. 6. Mcdonough, GA . Facebook Twitter Pinterest Instagram. Reagan Outdoor Advertising is known for its high-quality, custom-designed billboards that can be seen from miles away. This innovative design features a woman’s hair due, cut in the billboard and making use of negative space to capture the variations of Koleston Naturals’ colours through the different phases of the day and night. In fact, you can see this Quora thread if you want to see New york’s Billboard costs, If we wanted to average it across the US, here are the averages. When it comes to successful billboard advertising, location is key. This kind of advertisement is mostly targeted towards pedestrians. We have excluded transit and place-based faces. Get information, directions, products, services, phone numbers, and reviews on Billboard Connection in Mcdonough, undefined Discover more Advertising Agencies companies in Mcdonough on Manta. These companies include Coca-Cola, Home Depot, Delta Airlines and UPS. In banning billboards, cities must satisfy separate criteria for commercial and noncommercial content. March 14, 2014. By using Blip's pay-per-blip advertising, you only pay for the advertising you receive. McDonough, Georgia is home to 95,707 individuals across approximately 27,137 households. You set your daily budget, and Blip keeps your campaign within that budget. Types of transit ads include airborne banners, airport advertising, bus interiors/posters/wraps, mobile billboards, subway advertising, and ads on top of taxis. We create campaigns for all types of clients from national advertisers, to local advertisers. 220. This type of advertising billboard is at least half the width of a classic billboard. Strategic business and product promotion in Mcdonough has never seen. 21. Deliver a low cost per impression. NOTICE: Lamar collects some personal information from internet traffic to and interaction with our website and web tools for internal lead development purposes, direct customer communication, and reliability assessment. Large Billboards (also called Bulletins): $1,500-$5,000 per month. For example, if you pay for one of your ads to be placed on a billboard on a main road, the potential reach of that ad would be at least 1 person per car driving towards the billboard. I-75 near Hwy. Louis, MO is the 2nd most populous city in Missouri and a great market to utilize billboards and other out-of-home media formats in your advertising campaign. So, start your New Mexico billboards advertising campaign with Blip and reach your target market effectively. Find & Download Free Graphic Resources for Movie Poster Mockup. This depends on the size of the billboard, as well as the material it is being printed on. Delays in both directions. It has recently reached the American market. McDonough, John, and Karen Egolf. This billboard add shows the contrast and the well-known black and white silhouette of the oreo cookie in the form of an eclipse. 6. 2020. Small business marketing site Marketing Donut suggests that the average cost of billboard advertising is around £200 ($260) per week for a standard 48-sheet hoarding. Call 770-391-8528 to advertise on Stone Mountain billboards in Stone Mountain GA. m. The cost per blip depends on when and where you choose to advertise, as. Agent advertising; Agent resource center; Create a free agent account; Real estate business plan. According to the Out of Home Advertising Association of America, OOH advertising methods—including billboards—are between 38% and 86% effective at provoking a consumer response. Call 770-391-8528 for Atlanta DMA billboards that increase brand awareness! November 13, 2017. Swapp’s firm has agreed to pay $1 million to motorists whose. 5k. Search the web for: renfroe outdoor advertising mcdonoughWith Blip, you can advertise on digital Hinesville billboards on any budget. Jul 2021 - Present 2 years 5 months. OUT OF HOME ADVERTISING WITH START HERE Attract mass public attention WHO WE ARE Billboards set you apart from the competition by building credibility and brand recognition. John McDonough and Karen Egolf.